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William L. Finley Papers, 1899-1946
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The American coot as a game bird

Manuscript that wonders if the American coot, also known as a mud hen, would become a game bird. Coots were considered nuisances because they took away food sources from ducks. According to the document, ducks used coots as buffers in order to better protect themselves from hunters.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Water ouzel or American dipper

Manuscript depicting a pair of water ouzels. Jack Horn from the United States Forest Service watched as one bird threw nest materials into the water, similar to how loggers toss in logs, making the transportation of materials easier. The author of the document goes on to say few people are familiar with the song of the ouzel. The author also gives the reader details about the bird's appearance and that another pair could be spotted at Multnomah Falls.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Dispersal of seeds

Manuscript explaining how seeds travel and spread. The document includes an interaction with a squirrel.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Malheur refuge an aid to both birds and farmers

Manuscript that details the advantages of a wildlife refuge, especially in regards to the land. The document describes some of the difficulties that the Malheur Refuge experienced. Examples include illegal squatters around the lake bed and the attempt of a pair of locals (Culver Marshall and Wilbur Springer) to host a duck hunt inside the refuge.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Turkeys check grasshopper pests

Manuscript recounting when County Agent Henderson came up with the idea of using turkeys as a solution to the overpopulation of grasshoppers in the county. The insects were destroying vegetation at an alarming rate. Then when the turkeys are no longer needed, they are sold off as poultry.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Federal courts uphold migratory bird regulations

Manuscript recalling when hunters and sportsmen attempted to prove that migratory regulations signed by President Roosevelt were unconstitutional. Two cases are mentioned, one from Kentucky involving Judge Ford, the second in Illinois with Judge Major. Both upheld the regulations.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Owl of the Arctic

Manuscript about the Arctic owl, focusing on the bird's appearance, hunting habits, and its habitat.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Golden eagle nearly wrecks car

Manuscript recalling a collision of Mr. Echidnas and an eagle. Fortunately the bird survived and was put into the care of Dr. L. E. Hibbard. The author goes on to point out that this eagle is protected by law but sadly has been exterminated in several parts of the Pacific Northwest.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Game record keeping for deer

Manuscript in which the Supervisor of the Ochoco Forest, Lester Moncrief, and storekeeper at Paulina, Lyle Miller, report the numbers of deer hunted. After considering the large number of bucks killed, rangers of the area asserted that the deer population was increasing. The author claims that the increase in population was direct proof that protection of the animals has been key to that success.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Klamath waterfowl mat stage a good comeback

Manuscript that relays the struggle of farmers and land owners versus the Reclamation Services in respects to the lake beds in the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake areas. It was recognized that the drying of the beds is destructive to the local waterfowl because of a lack of a reliable water source. For the farmers and land owners, they would rather see the land as a place of cultivation. The Reclamation Service believed that only a small part could realistically be kept under cultivation. Part of the area in question became a sump and instead of using all of the land for that purpose, a refuge area was set aside which became the Tule Lake Refuge.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Uncle Sam takes life insurance for his family

Manuscript discusses the importance of forests and the reality that upkeep is costly and time consuming. Author advocates that the American government should finance this and praises the work being done by the Forest Service. The program took unemployed young men from metropolitan areas and placed them into service for the forests. Not only was this beneficial for the forests, but the author contends that the young men free of the bad influences of the city, made the government's investment sound.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Nothing a duck hunter likes better than ducks

Manuscript in which the author writes as if they are a disgruntled duck hunter. The character goes on to complain about how the laws from the federal and state governments have prevented hunters from being able to hunt as much as they please. The character goes on to lament about how the best shooting was during the winter because it was easier. The character longs for the good old days.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Californian interest in Oregon

Manuscript discussing the interest Californians were taking in Southern Oregon for recreation, especially in respects to angling in the Rogue, Umpqua, and Wilson rivers. The author points out that these are smaller streams and for the fishermen who depend on the rivers for their livelihood could be greatly affected by Californians' recreational fishing.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Restoring Oregon forests

Manuscript describing an article written by Cory Ford and Alastair MacBain. The main focus of this document is restoring our forests in order to provide the necessary habitats for the fish and wildlife. The practice of raising animals in hatcheries and releasing them back in to the wild for sport is pointless when the environment is polluted and kills the animals.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Mountain sheep or bighorn

Manuscript that discusses the dwindling numbers of the Bighorn sheep. Contributing factors to the decrease of Bighorns include hunting and contact with domestic sheep. The domestic sheep contributed the most in the decline due to a disease they carried and spread to the Bighorns. The author advocates for a refuge for the remaining Bighorns in order to remove any contact from domestic sheep in both the summer and winter seasons.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Columbia River pollution

Manuscript describing the problem of pollutants being dumped into the Willamette River and later traveling to the Columbia River where pollution is killing the fish. The author asserts that individual sportsmen and anglers have to follow the pollution laws but companies are not being held to the same standard. The author also states that citizens of Portland were initially on board to install sewage systems but support vanished once it was realized that the funding would come from property owners and not the government.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

The opossum, new settler coming to Oregon

The author in this manuscript describes an incoming resident to the Oregon landscape, the opossum. In this document the diet of the animal, its ecological preferences, and where it can be typically found are among the topics discussed. According to this text, the animal is one of the oldest living mammals and the oldest of the group in America.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

The romance of swans sometimes goes haywire

Manuscript chronicling the failure of introducing two male swans to two female swans who had been companions for a few years. The author points out that partners should be introduced in the first two years of life as swans mate for life. After such a long period of association, the two birds became dependent upon each other for all types of companionship long before the males were introduced.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

The story of the swan song is not all myth

Manuscript that looks at the two species of swan found in America, the whistling and trumpeter swans. Both were found by Lewis and Clark. The author mentions that the swan song has long been associated with death and in comments that this can be applied to the trumpeter swan due to the decline in numbers of the bird.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Varied thrush or Alaska robin

Document that contains two manuscripts. The first is on the subject of the Varied Thrush (also known as the Alaska or Oregon Robin). John Burroughs wrote a poem about the peculiar bird after his first sighting in Alaska. The second manuscript focuses on the black woodpecker. Captain Lewis of Lewis and Clark fame, authored the first known record of the bird. At Lewis's request, Alexander Wilson created a colored drawing of the bird.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Wealth may come from primitive areas in Oregon

Manuscript that examines the uptick of interest and financial gain in Oregon's outdoors. A particular interest in the Rogue River Valley is explored. The author comments on the amount of funds for paving roads in order to allow people to access the wilderness easily. The document also points out that there are many ways to destroy natural areas, but few are considering how to preserve them.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

Oregon upland game bird survival

Manuscript delving into the difficult situation of population increase in Oregon and how that is effecting the game birds of the area. The author sees two options of dealing with this predicament. The first is to use the funding for game farms to breed Chinese pheasants and release them for hunting use. The second is to enact a plan to save the disappearing native game birds. This option is difficult because it requires extensive research before a plan can be considered. The author contends that the best people to aid with this research are young students trained in scientific thinking, who possess patience and a good work ethic.

Finley, William L. (William Lovell), 1876-1953

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