Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Helen G. Rees was conducted by Anne Cummins at Rees' home in Fairview, Oregon, on December 13, 1995. The interview was conducted as part of the Rural Telephone Operators Oral History Series, which was a series of interviews about telephone operators in rural areas in the early 20th century, conducted by Anne Cummins in the early 1990s. In this interview, Rees discusses her family background and early life in Sherman County. She also talks about the family background of William A. Rees and his early life in Shaniko. Rees then discusses her life in Shaniko after her marriage to William A. Rees. She speaks at length about the telephone system in Shaniko in the 1930s and early 1940s, describing how the system worked and the equipment used, and she talks about some of the telephone operators. She closes the interview by talking about the different ways the operators served the community beyond the job of answering and directing phone calls.

Transcript. This oral history interview with Barbara A. Mackenzie was conducted by Katy Barber at Mackenzie's home in Portland, Oregon, from September 27, 1999, to June 1, 2001. Barbara Mackenzie's son, Thomas R. Mackenzie, and Jan Dilg were also present during the sessions recorded in 2001. The interview was conducted in four sessions. The first part of session one was not recorded. In the first interview session, conducted on September 27, 1999, Mackenzie discusses working as a teacher in Oregon and California, including working with marginalized groups in the San Francisco Bay Area and opposition she faced. She also talks about her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She speaks about her role in relocating members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes during the building of The Dalles Dam at Celilo Falls. She talks about her relationship with Chief Tommy Thompson and Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people and shares stories about the Wyam way of life. She also talks about her work with Navajo people near Palm Springs, California. In the second interview session, conducted on September 30, 1999, Mackenzie continues discussing her role in the relocation of members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes. She talks about her relationship with Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people, some of her advocacy on behalf of indigenous people, and where she felt the local authorities were neglecting indigenous people's needs. She also talks about Temmingway Moses, a Yakama woman who tended a cemetery near the Maryhill Museum in Washington; the attitudes of the population at The Dalles towards Native Americans; and her working relationship with the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She talks about Abe Sholoway, a Umatilla man who acted as interpreter; her efforts to get Native American marriages legally recognized; and attending the Pendleton Round-Up. She also talks about the processes of the relocation project and how she got involved. She shares her opinion about assimilation and the U.S. government's practice of tribal termination. She talks about her brother, Ralph Tudor, who served as undersecretary of the Interior under President Dwight D. Eisenhower and worked as an engineer on the Bay Bridge and Bay Area Rapid Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area. She also discusses some of her secretaries and revisits the topics of working as a teacher with marginalized groups in California and her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She then talks about serving as executive for the Red Cross in Lincoln County, Oregon. In the third interview session, conducted on January 16, 2001, Mackenzie discusses her family background and her early life and education in Sutherlin, Oregon. She also talks about the career of her brother, Ralph Tudor. She discusses her education at St. Mary's Academy and at Lincoln High School in Portland, her relationship with her mother, and her first teaching job near Bend. She talks about her college experiences at Western College for Women (now known as the Western Campus of Miami University) and at the Oregon Normal School (now known as Western Oregon University). In the fourth interview session, conducted on June 1, 2001, Mackenzie discusses serving as executive for the Red Cross in Lincoln County, including organizing blood drives and working with veterans. She closes the interview by describing the town of Newport.

Tape 1, Side 1. This oral history interview with Barbara A. Mackenzie was conducted by Katy Barber at Mackenzie’s home in Portland, Oregon, from September 27, 1999, to June 1, 2001. Barbara Mackenzie’s son, Thomas R. Mackenzie, and Jan Dilg were also present during the sessions recorded in 2001. The interview was conducted in four sessions. The first part of session one was not recorded. In the first interview session, conducted on September 27, 1999, Mackenzie discusses working as a teacher in Oregon and California, including working with marginalized groups in the San Francisco Bay Area and opposition she faced. She also talks about her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She speaks about her role in relocating members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes during the building of The Dalles Dam at Celilo Falls. She talks about her relationship with Chief Tommy Thompson and Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people and shares stories about the Wyam way of life. She also talks about her work with Navajo people near Palm Springs, California.

Tape 4, Side 1. This oral history interview with Barbara A. Mackenzie was conducted by Katy Barber at Mackenzie’s home in Portland, Oregon, from September 27, 1999, to June 1, 2001. Barbara Mackenzie’s son, Thomas R. Mackenzie, and Jan Dilg were also present during the sessions recorded in 2001. The interview was conducted in four sessions. The first part of session one was not recorded. In the third interview session, conducted on January 16, 2001, Mackenzie discusses her family background and her early life and education in Sutherlin, Oregon. She also talks about the career of her brother, Ralph Tudor. She discusses her education at St. Mary’s Academy and at Lincoln High School in Portland, her relationship with her mother, and her first teaching job near Bend. She talks about her college experiences at Western College for Women (now known as the Western Campus of Miami University) and at the Oregon Normal School (now known as Western Oregon University).

Tape 1, Side 2. In the first interview session, conducted on November 28, 1987, Crawford discusses the history of the Dalles, Oregon. He speaks at length about his family background of homesteading in The Dalles, as well as his early life there. He talks about his education in a one-room schoolhouse; discusses the people who lived in The Dalles during the late 19th and early 20th centuries; and talks about his ranch. He also talks about railroad lines, roads, and fences in the area.

Tape 4, Side 2. In the second interview session, conducted on December 18, 1987, Crawford, Bleakney, and an unidentified woman drive and walk around The Dalles and talk about the history of the land, animals, roads, and buildings as they pass. They also walk along the Dalles Mountain Ranch Loop Hike and talk about the history of the area. Crawford then speaks about his life on a ranch in The Dalles. He also shares his memories of Celilo Falls before it was flooded by The Dalles Dam.

View of the Oregon Trunk (OT) Rail Bridge across the Columbia River near Wishram Washington. The bridge is also known as the Celilo Bridge. The photograph is taken from the bank on the Oregon side of the river and captures almost the full span of the bridge. A portion of Celilo Village is visible in the foreground. The community of Skien is visible in the distance at the base of the bridge on the Washington side. A note on the back of the photograph reads, "File No. 68 - OT/Celilo Bridge across Columbia River, near Wishram, Wash."

Photograph showing the railroad tracks of the Oregon Trunk Railway next to the Deschutes River at the base of the Deschutes River Canyon near Tuskan, Wasco County, Oregon. Taken from a hillside above the river. On the right, R.H. Crozier holds a walking stick and sits on the edge of a steep, rocky cliff. Crozier was an official with SP&S Railroad. Handwriting on the back of the print reads, "Deschutes River Canyon. Tuscon (sic), Ore. Oregon Trunk Railway, 1912. R.H. Crozier on cliff, right." Stamps on the front and back indicate a 1911 copyright by Kiser Photo Co. for SP&S Railway.

Photograph showing the railroad tracks of the Oregon Trunk Railway running alongside the Deschutes River in the Deschutes River Canyon near Oakbrook, Wasco County, Oregon. Taken from the side of the railroad track, looking across the river at the canyon. Handwriting on the back of the print reads, "Deschutes River Canyon and Oregon Trunk Ry. track. Down river of Mr. S. of Oakbrook, Oregon." Stamp on the front of the print reads, "Kiser Photo Co., Portland, Or."

Photograph of a derailed train on the Oregon Trunk Railroad on the Deschutes River near Maupin, Oregon. One railroad car is partially submerged in the river while another hangs over the bank of the river. Several people observe the damage. This train derailed on January 31, 1954 when it hit a rock slide. Typed note on the back of the print reads, "Derailment on Oregon Trunk at M.P. 56, January 31, 1954." [The Oregonian published a story about this train accident on February 2, 1954. It features another photograph of the accident taken by George Lindsay.]

Tape 3, Side 2. This oral history interview with Flora Cushinway Thompson was conducted around 1971. The interviewer is unidentified. The audio recording and transcript are incomplete; the interview was recorded on three cassettes, but the first tape is missing.

In this interview, Thompson discusses the execution of Modoc leader Kintpuash, aka Captain Jack. She then talks about salmon fishing by Native peoples at Celilo Falls, and about the slow encroachment of dams and commercial fishing at the falls. She speaks about her marriage to Wyam Chief Tommy Thompson and talks about their respective marital histories. She discusses the Wyams' resistance to the construction of The Dalles Dam; describes attending the dedication of the Celilo converter station; and talks about Tommy Thompson's funeral. She speaks at length about some of the Wyams' spiritual beliefs, particularly regarding visions and songs, and sings a Christian song in Sahaptin. She closes the interview by talking about her work advocating for the Wyams' fishing rights. The recording ends with piano music identified as "Indian Love Poem" by Nancy Walker.

Photograph of a ranch at 15 Mile Creek, taken November 18, 1946. A dry landscape surrounds a cluster of buildings and trees at the base of a hill. Handwritten note on back reads, "Nov. 18, 1946. 15 Mile Creek, app. 15 mi. east of The Dalles, so. of Celilo Falls."

View of Celilo Village with Celilo Falls and the Oregon Trunk Rail Bridge visible in the background. Other photographs from this series were published in the Oregon Journal on April 17, 1955 (negative 7 of 12).

Photograph of a mountain in the desert, likely in North Junction in Wasco County, Oregon. There are several cliffs and rock formations on the slope of the mountain. Handwriting on the back of the print reads, "Cliffs, N. Junction." Stamp on the back of the print indicates a 1911 copyright notice by Kiser Photo Co. for SP&S Railway.

Photograph of mountains and cliffs in the desert, likely in North Junction in Wasco County, Oregon. There are sagebrush and a rock formation in the foreground. Handwriting on the back of the print reads, "Summit of cliffs near N. Junction."

Manuscript describing a trip. Highlights include the convenience of a machine that provides fuel, shelter, and the ability to cook. Observations of wildlife and the environment are also included.

Black-billed magpie nest. Image note: large.

Young magpie on sage. Image note: front view.

A young magpie on a limb. Image note: side view.

Four young magpies in a row on a sage, one with its back turned.

Peck standing with a magpie perched on his extended arm.

A magpie in a tree top. Image note: front view.

View from Sherars Bridge with cattle in the background.

View of Sherars Falls from Sherars Bridge.