Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s railroad tracks past Cape Horn, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s railroad tracks past Cape Horn, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Duplicate of Stereograph 1328, on a different mount. Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s railroad tracks past Cape Horn, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Duplicate of Stereograph 1330, on a different mount. Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s dry dock on the Columbia River, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s dry dock on the Columbia River, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.'s docks and warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, 1867.

Duplicate of Stereograph 1328, on a different mount. Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s railroad tracks past Cape Horn, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the interior of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.'s warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s dry dock on the Columbia River, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.'s docks and warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s railroad tracks east of Cape Horn on the Oregon side of the Columbia River, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Duplicate of Stereograph 1330, on a different mount. Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s railroad tracks east of Cape Horn on the Oregon side of the Columbia River, 1867.

Stereograph of the interior of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.'s warehouse at Celilo, Columbia River Gorge, Oregon, 1867.

Stereograph of the Oregon Steam Navigation Co.’s dry dock on the Columbia River, Oregon, 1867.

View of the community of Celilo on the Columbia River. Taken from atop a sand dune on the Oregon side of the Columbia River Gorge, looking northwest.

A map of the Columbia River that shows the route of the river from The Dalles to Celilo. The map also shows the route of the Dalles and Celilo Railroad. Depths are shown by soundings.

A blueline print map of a survey of the Columbia River between Celilo and The Dalles. Relief is shown by contours and depth is shown by soundings. The map also shows the proposed route for the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company’s Oregon Portage Railroad extension.

View of the Oregon Trunk (OT) Rail Bridge across the Columbia River near Wishram Washington. The bridge is also known as the Celilo Bridge. The photograph is taken from the bank on the Oregon side of the river and captures almost the full span of the bridge. A portion of Celilo Village is visible in the foreground. The community of Skien is visible in the distance at the base of the bridge on the Washington side. A note on the back of the photograph reads, "File No. 68 - OT/Celilo Bridge across Columbia River, near Wishram, Wash."

View of the Oregon Trunk (OT) Rail Bridge across the Columbia River near Wishram Washington. The photograph is taken from the tracks on the Washington side of the bridge looking south through the trusses. The bridge is also known as the Celilo Bridge. A note on the back of the photograph reads, "File No. 66 - OT/Celilo Bridge across Columbia River, near Wishram, Wash. Kiser 5475."

Transcript. This oral history interview with Barbara A. Mackenzie was conducted by Katy Barber at Mackenzie's home in Portland, Oregon, from September 27, 1999, to June 1, 2001. Barbara Mackenzie's son, Thomas R. Mackenzie, and Jan Dilg were also present during the sessions recorded in 2001. The interview was conducted in four sessions. The first part of session one was not recorded. In the first interview session, conducted on September 27, 1999, Mackenzie discusses working as a teacher in Oregon and California, including working with marginalized groups in the San Francisco Bay Area and opposition she faced. She also talks about her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She speaks about her role in relocating members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes during the building of The Dalles Dam at Celilo Falls. She talks about her relationship with Chief Tommy Thompson and Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people and shares stories about the Wyam way of life. She also talks about her work with Navajo people near Palm Springs, California. In the second interview session, conducted on September 30, 1999, Mackenzie continues discussing her role in the relocation of members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes. She talks about her relationship with Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people, some of her advocacy on behalf of indigenous people, and where she felt the local authorities were neglecting indigenous people's needs. She also talks about Temmingway Moses, a Yakama woman who tended a cemetery near the Maryhill Museum in Washington; the attitudes of the population at The Dalles towards Native Americans; and her working relationship with the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She talks about Abe Sholoway, a Umatilla man who acted as interpreter; her efforts to get Native American marriages legally recognized; and attending the Pendleton Round-Up. She also talks about the processes of the relocation project and how she got involved. She shares her opinion about assimilation and the U.S. government's practice of tribal termination. She talks about her brother, Ralph Tudor, who served as undersecretary of the Interior under President Dwight D. Eisenhower and worked as an engineer on the Bay Bridge and Bay Area Rapid Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area. She also discusses some of her secretaries and revisits the topics of working as a teacher with marginalized groups in California and her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She then talks about serving as executive for the Red Cross in Lincoln County, Oregon. In the third interview session, conducted on January 16, 2001, Mackenzie discusses her family background and her early life and education in Sutherlin, Oregon. She also talks about the career of her brother, Ralph Tudor. She discusses her education at St. Mary's Academy and at Lincoln High School in Portland, her relationship with her mother, and her first teaching job near Bend. She talks about her college experiences at Western College for Women (now known as the Western Campus of Miami University) and at the Oregon Normal School (now known as Western Oregon University). In the fourth interview session, conducted on June 1, 2001, Mackenzie discusses serving as executive for the Red Cross in Lincoln County, including organizing blood drives and working with veterans. She closes the interview by describing the town of Newport.

Tape 1, Side 2. This oral history interview with Barbara A. Mackenzie was conducted by Katy Barber at Mackenzie’s home in Portland, Oregon, from September 27, 1999, to June 1, 2001. Barbara Mackenzie’s son, Thomas R. Mackenzie, and Jan Dilg were also present during the sessions recorded in 2001. The interview was conducted in four sessions. The first part of session one was not recorded. In the first interview session, conducted on September 27, 1999, Mackenzie discusses working as a teacher in Oregon and California, including working with marginalized groups in the San Francisco Bay Area and opposition she faced. She also talks about her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She speaks about her role in relocating members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes during the building of The Dalles Dam at Celilo Falls. She talks about her relationship with Chief Tommy Thompson and Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people and shares stories about the Wyam way of life. She also talks about her work with Navajo people near Palm Springs, California.

Tape 2, Side 2. This oral history interview with Barbara A. Mackenzie was conducted by Katy Barber at Mackenzie’s home in Portland, Oregon, from September 27, 1999, to June 1, 2001. Barbara Mackenzie’s son, Thomas R. Mackenzie, and Jan Dilg were also present during the sessions recorded in 2001. The interview was conducted in four sessions. The first part of session one was not recorded. In the second interview session, conducted on September 30, 1999, Mackenzie continues discussing her role in the relocation of members of the Warm Springs, Yakama, Umatilla, and Nez Perce tribes. She talks about her relationship with Flora Cushinway Thompson of the Wyam people, some of her advocacy on behalf of indigenous people, and where she felt the local authorities were neglecting indigenous people’s needs. She also talks about Temmingway Moses, a Yakama woman who tended a cemetery near the Maryhill Museum in Washington; the attitudes of the population at The Dalles towards Native Americans; and her working relationship with the Bureau of Indian Affairs. She talks about Abe Sholoway, a Umatilla man who acted as interpreter; her efforts to get Native American marriages legally recognized; and attending the Pendleton Round-Up. She also talks about the processes of the relocation project and how she got involved. She shares her opinion about assimilation and the U.S. government’s practice of tribal termination. She talks about her brother, Ralph Tudor, who served as undersecretary of the Interior under President Dwight D. Eisenhower and worked as an engineer on the Bay Bridge and Bay Area Rapid Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area. She also discusses some of her secretaries and revisits the topics of working as a teacher with marginalized groups in California and her work with the Red Cross in Virginia. She then talks about serving as executive for the Red Cross in Lincoln County, Oregon.

View of wooden structures at Celilo Village. A white automobile is parked in front of the building in the foreground. The Oregon Trunk Rail Bridge is visible in the background. Other photographs from this series were published in the Oregon Journal on April 17, 1955 (negative 12 of 12).